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Wednesday, August 20, 2014

List of Long Words and their Meanings

List of Long Words and their Meanings

For the longest time, lexicographers have been debating about the legitimacy of certain words as possible entrants to the English dictionary. For me, the longer the word and the more the number of syllables in it, the more interesting it becomes. Find out some of the most exquisitely coined words in the English language from this article.
         
Methionylthreonylthreonylglutaminylarginyl [...] isoleucine
Here's the deal: the world's longest English word has exactly 189,819 letters in it and it takes 3 hours and 33 minutes to pronounce it completely!
Wondering what commands such an enormous (literally) honor? Well, it is the chemical name of the world's largest known protein called titin or connectin. It is made up of 244 individually folded protein domains which in turn are connected by unstructured peptide sequences (largest known polypeptide containing 34,350 amino acids in the human body). Fascinating as the name of this wonder is, there exists some debate as to whether this technical term can actually be considered a word. But even then, mesmerizing it is, isn't it? And guess what? Here in this article, you will actually get to see this ginormous word if you read on.

But even otherwise, the English language is a huge storehouse of long words that I find rather satisfying to pronounce. They are grand tongue twisters that make perfect sense. Two of my favorite words for the longest time have been inconsequential and quintessentially. I am psychologically satiated to the hilt every time I utter them and utter them a lot I do. But there are other words that are very rarely used and even more rarely heard of. Let's check some of them out below. If you love the language and lap up trivia like there's no tomorrow, this is a train ride you should definitely not miss. 
 
A 
   

Galactodensimeter: Instrument used to measure the density of milk
Gastroduodenitis: Swelling of the stomach and duodenum
Gastrohysterotomy: Cæsarean section
Generalissimo: The Chief Commander of an army
Gephydrophobia: Fear of crossing bridges
Germanophilia: Love or fondness for Germany or for the Germans
Gluconeogenesis: Production of glucose from non-carbohydrates
Graminivorous: Feeding on grass or cereals
Grammaticaster: A piddling grammarian
Gynotikolobomassophile: One nibbling a woman's earlobes 
 
 B 
    
Ballistocardiograph: An instrument which is used to detect body movements caused by heartbeats
Bathythermograph: An instrument that is used for recording water temperature as compared to depth
Batrachomyomachy: A military engagement between frogs and mice
Batrachophagous: A person who eats frogs
Bicrescentic: Having the structure of a double crescent
Blandiloquence: A flattery or complimentary speech
Brachydactylous: Having abnormally short and blunt fingers and toes
Brobdingnagian: Colossal
Bouleversement: An overturning; ruination
Boustrophedon: An ancient method of writing in which one line is written from left to right and the next from right to left and so on 
 
Cacodemomania: Pathological belief of one being inhabited by an evil spirit
Caesaropapism: Secular ruler having control of the church
Catapedamania: Obsession with jumping from high places
Cephalonomancy: A kind of divination formerly practiced to detect guilt in a convict by boiling the skull of an ass and checking for any cracking of the skull or movement of the lower jaw
Ceruminiferous: Carrying or yielding earwax
Chaetophorous: Setigerous or bristle-bearing
Cheiloproclitic: One who is attracted to lips
Cholangiocholecystocholedochectomy: Process of surgically removing the hepatic duct and gallbladder
Chronosynchronicity: Presenting a person's life in all the stages through a single piece of art
Cycloganoidei: Ganoid fish with cycloid scales
C
Cacodemomania: Pathological belief of one being inhabited by an evil spirit
Caesaropapism: Secular ruler having control of the church
Catapedamania: Obsession with jumping from high places
Cephalonomancy: A kind of divination formerly practiced to detect guilt in a convict by boiling the skull of an ass and checking for any cracking of the skull or movement of the lower jaw
Ceruminiferous: Carrying or yielding earwax
Chaetophorous: Setigerous or bristle-bearing
Cheiloproclitic: One who is attracted to lips
Cholangiocholecystocholedochectomy: Process of surgically removing the hepatic duct and gallbladder
Chronosynchronicity: Presenting a person's life in all the stages through a single piece of art
Cycloganoidei: Ganoid fish with cycloid scales
D 
Dactylopterous: A state where the inferior rays of the pectoral fins are entirely or partially detached from the body
Defecaloesiophobia: Fear of painful defecation
Dendrochronology: Study of tree rings
Deorsumversion: Turning downwards
Dermatoglyphics: Study of fingerprints and skin patterns
Dermatopathophobia: Fear of dermal ailments
Didaskaleinophobia: Fear of going to school
Dishabiliophobia: Fear of undressing in front of another person
Dolichocephalic: Long-headed
Dysmorphophobia: Having the fear of physical deformities 
  E               
Ecclesiasticus: An Apocryphal book
Edriophthalmous: Concerning the Edriophthalma
Electroencephalograph: An instrument for measuring the brain's electrical impulses
Electrodynamometer: An instrument for measuring electric current
Eleutherophobia: Fear of freedom
Epiphenomenalism: Doctrine that mental processes are epiphenomena of brain activity
Ephemeromorph: Form of life that is neither animal nor plant
Epistaxiophobia: Fear of epistaxises or bleeding noses
Ethnomethodology: The study of sociological codes and conventions that underlie everyday social communication and interactions
Extemporaneousness: Lack of foresight 
 F
Febrifacient: That which renders feverish
Ferriprussiate: A ferricyanate; a ferricyanide
Flagelliferous: Bearing a whip or flagellum
Flibbertigibbet: Gossipy person, usually referring to a young woman
Fibriophobia: Having fear of fever
Fibrochondrosteal: Partly fibrous, partly cartilaginous, and partly bony or osseous
Fissigemmation: A process of reproduction that intercedes fission and gemmation
Forisfamiliation: The act of liberating oneself from parental authority
Frankalmoigne: Tenure by free alms
Frumentaceous: Resembling wheat or other grain 
 G 
Galactodensimeter: Instrument used to measure the density of milk
Gastroduodenitis: Swelling of the stomach and duodenum
Gastrohysterotomy: Cæsarean section
Generalissimo: The Chief Commander of an army
Gephydrophobia: Fear of crossing bridges
Germanophilia: Love or fondness for Germany or for the Germans
Gluconeogenesis: Production of glucose from non-carbohydrates
Graminivorous: Feeding on grass or cereals
Grammaticaster: A piddling grammarian
Gynotikolobomassophile: One nibbling a woman's earlobes 
H
 
Haematogenesis: Production of blood
Haematodynamometer: An instrument to measure arterial or venous blood pressure
Haussmannize: To rebuild
Hellenologophobia: Fear of Greek terms or complex scientific nomenclature
Helioseismology: Study of wave oscillations in the sun
Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia: Fear of the number six hundred sixty-six
Honorificabilitudinitatibus: One bearing honorableness
Honorificabilitudinity: Honorableness
Hydrometeorology: Study of atmospheric moisture
Hypercatalectic: Having an extra syllable at the end of a verse
I
Iatromathematics: Archaic practice of medicine in conjunction with astrology
Ichthyophagous: Fish-eating
Ichthyophthalmite: A hydrous silicate of calcium and potassium relating to zeolites
Immarcescible: Not perishable
Immunopathology: Study of immunity to disease
Incircumscriptible: Incapable of being restricted
Incomprehensibleness: Impossible to know or fathom
Interramification: Intertwining of branches
Interstratification: Alternative layering of two or more types of clay minerals
Ithyphallophobia: Fear of aroused male genitalia 
 
J
Jaculiferous: Bearing arrow-like thorns
Japanophilia: Love or admiration for Japan or the Japanese
Japanophobia: Fear of Japanese
Johannisberger: A fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss Johannisberg, on the river Rhine
Jouissance: Merriment
Judeophobia: Fear of Jewish people
Juglandaceous: Liking or pertaining to walnuts
Jungermanniaceae: A genus of hepatic mosses
Jurisprudential: Pertaining to the science of juridical law
Juxtaposition: The act of positioning two or more things adjacent to each other 
 
Kakorrhaphiophobia: Fear of failure
Katagelophobia: Fear of ridicule
Katathermometer: Instrument used to measure the cooling power of air
Katsaridaphobia: Fear of cockroaches
Kephalonomancy: Divination using a baked head of an ass or a goat
Keraunophobia (or Ceraunophobia): Fear of lightning and thunder
Kinetheodolite: Type of theodolite used to track missiles and satellites
Knickerbockers: Loose breeches ending above the knee
Knickknackatory: A collection of baubles and trifles
Kosmikophobia: Fear of cosmic phenomenon
                        
Lamellibranchiata: Class of gastropods with bivalve shells
Laryngotracheotomy: Surgery involving cutting into the larynx and the upper part of the trachea
Latitudinarianism: Doctrine of broad liberality in religious belief or conduct
Lautenclavicymbel: Lute harpsichord with gut strings instead of metal
Lautverschiebung: The regular alterations undergone by the primitive Indo-European stops or mute consonants in the Teutonic languages since third century BC
Lepidopterology: Study about butterflies and moths
Leucocytogenesis: Formation of leukocytes
Lexicographical: Pertaining to the art of making a dictionary or lexicon
Libanophorous: Producing incense
Logizomechanophobia: Fear of computers

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M

Machiavellianism: The doctrines of Niccolò Machiavelli as written in his book Il Principe ("The Prince") wherein political expediency is exalted above morality and the use of cunning and deceit in statecraft to maintain authority or to effectuate policy is commended
Macrocephalous: Having a large head
Margaritomancy: Divination using pearls
Maschalephidrosis: Excessive sweating of the armpits
Mechanotherapist: A practitioner who medically treats by employing mechanical practices, such as massaging
Medomalacuphobia: Fear of losing an erection
Metathesiophobia: Fear of changes
Microminiaturization: Construction of something on a scale which is smaller than miniature
Micropalaeontology: Study of microscopic fossils
Monopathophobia: Fear of definite disease

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N

Necessitarianism: Philosophical theory according to which actions are always consequent to antecedent causes
Nemathelminthes: Roundworms
Neopharmaphobia: Fear of new drugs
Nephelodometer: An instrument for estimating the distances or speed of clouds
Neurophysiological: Pertaining to the branch of physiology that deals with the functions of the nervous system
Nigroglobulate: The act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto
Noctambulation: Sleepwalking
Nucamentaceous: Resembling a nut either structurally or their property of indehiscence; bearing one-seeded nut-like fruits
Nucleomituphobia: Fear of nuclear weapons
Nyctohylophobia: Fear of dark wooded areas at night

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O

Obeliscolychny: Lighthouse
Obsequiousness: Abject submissiveness
Omphalopsychite: One who meditates by stares fixedly at his navel
Oneirogmophobia: Fear of wet dreams
Ophthalmophobia: Fear of being stared at
Ophthalmoscope: Instrument for viewing the interior of the eye
Opisthobranchiata: Marine gastropod mollusks with no operculum and gills present posterior to the heart
Orphanotrophism: Care and support of orphans
Ostraconophobia: Fear of shellfish
Otorhinolaryngology: It is a study of ear, nose, and throat

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P

Palaeoanthropology: The study of early humans
Paleophytologist: One versed in the recovery and identification of plant fossils from geological contexts
Paraskavedekatriaphobia: Fear of Friday the 13th
Penecontemporaneous: Of geological processes occurring immediately after deposition
Philoprogenitiveness: The love of offspring
Pleuroperipneumony: Inflammation of the pleura and lungs
Pneumatophilosophy: Philosophy of spirits or the spirit world
Podobromhidrosis: Smelly feet
Pseudoantidisestablishmentarianism: Falsely supporting the idea of disestablishment
Pteromerhanophobia: Fear of flying

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Q

Quadragesimarian: One who observes Lent
Quadrigeminous: Four-fold
Quadrigenarious: Four hundred
Quasquicentennial: One hundred twenty-fifth anniversary
Quatrefeuille: An ornamental foliation having four foils
Quindecemvirate: The body or office of the fifteen sacerdotal college men bestowed with the primary duty of protecting the Sibylline books
Quinquagenarian: Person between the ages of 50 and 59
Quinquedentated: Five-toothed
Quoddamodotative: Existing in a certain manner
Quomodocunquize: Making money in any possible way

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R

Radappertization: Treatment of food with ionizing radiation to kill bacteria
Radiometeorograph: An instrument for measuring atmospheric conditions at high altitude
Rambunctiousness: The state of being boisterous and disorderly
Ranidaphobia: Fear of frogs
Representationalism: Doctrine that ideas rather than external objects are basis of knowledge
Retrovaccination: The inoculation of a cow with human vaccination in which smallpox virus from human vesicles is used as seed virus in producing smallpox vaccine in cattle
Rhabdophobia: Fear of being severely punished or beaten by a rod, or of being severely criticized
Rhinotillexomania: Compulsive nose picking
Rodomontadist: A person who boasts
Roentgenometrics: A chiropractic technique involving the study of X-rays by biomechanical analysis and measurement

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S

Sacramentarianism: Belief that sacraments have unusual properties
Scrophulariaceous: Pertaining to the figwort family of plants (Scrophulariaceae)
Secundogeniture: The right of inheritance belonging to the second-oldest child
Sesquicentennially: Every 150 years
Siderodromophobia: Fear of trains, railroads or train travel
Spasmenagaliaphobia: Fear of shattered glass
Spermatophobia: The fear of germs
Spectroheliokinematograph: Camera for taking pictures of the sun
Sphygmomanometer: An instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure
Steganophthalmata: A division of jellyfishes, including most of the large disklike species

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T

Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine: A type of explosive
Tetrakishexahedron: A solid in the isometric system, bounded by 24 congruent isosceles-triangular faces, four corresponding to each face of the cube
Thanatognomonic: Indicating death
Theologicophobia: Fear of theology
Theophilanthropism: Having love for divinity as well as mankind
Thermoluminescence: A form of luminescence that is exhibited by certain crystalline materials that may have absorbed energy previously
Transmogrification: Transformation to a different form or shape, especially strange or grotesque
Trichopathophobia: Fear of hair
Triskaidekaphobia: Phobia of the number 13
Triboluminescence: Frictional emission of light

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U

Ubiquitarianism: Belief in the omnipresence of God
Ultramicroscope: Instrument for viewing objects that are difficult to see by the naked eye
Ultimogeniture: The right of inheritance belonging to the last son
Umbraculiform: Umbrella-shaped
Uncircumstandtial: Not circumstantial; trivial
Uncompartmentalized: Not separated into different categories or compartments
Unconsentaneous: Disagreement
Uniformitarianism: The theory or assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now, have operated since its inception and apply everywhere in the universe and that all geological phenomena may be explained as the result of these existing forces
Unsoutcheoned: Destitute of an escutcheon
Utilitarianism: Adopting a code of conduct that determines ethical values

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V

Valetudinarianism: The condition or state of mind of a sickly or weak person who is incessantly worried about personal health
Vasoconstriction: Narrowing of the blood vessels owing to the contraction of their muscular walls
Venturesomeness: Daring and adventurous
Venustraphobia: Being scared of beautiful women
Verminophobia: Being afraid of germs
Vernacularization: The act, process, or state of picking elements from a foreign language and modifying and accepting it as a part of a native dialect of a specific population
Virginitiphobia: Fear of rape
Vitricophobic: One who fears his step-father
Volumenometer: Instrument that determines volume of a solid
Voicespondence: Correspondence by means of formerly recorded conversations

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W

Walloonphobia: Fear of Walloons (French-speaking Belgian community)
Wawaskeesh: An American elk
welterweight: A combat sports weight class division
Weatherometer: Instrument for measuring weather-resisting properties of paint
Weatherstripping: Material to seal the openings such as doors, trunks, windows to exclude the cold, wind, and rain
Weltanschauungen: One's individual or a group's outlook towards life
Whereinsoever: In whatever matter, respect, place, or action
Whippersnappers: People considered insignificant and pretentious
Whippoorwill: Night-jar from America
Whithersoever: Wherever

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X

Xanthocyanopsy: Kind of color-blindness in which one can see only blue and yellow colors
Xanthomelanous: Pertaining to races with black hair and yellow or olive complexion
Xanthophobia: Fearful towards yellow color
Xanthospermous: Containing yellow seeds
Xenodocheionology: Liking for hotels and inns
Xenoglossophobia: Fear of foreign languages
Xerophthalmia: Dry eye syndrome
Xeroradiography: Kind of X-ray wherein the picture is taken on a paper and not on a film
Xiphophyllous: Sword-shaped leaved
Xylopyrographist: A poker painter

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Y

Yachtsmanship: Adeptness in sailing a yacht
Yarborough: Hand of cards where no card is above nine
Yarnwindle: Tool used for winding the yarn
Yellowhammer: A passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae
Yellowshanks: American shorebirds of the sandpiper family
Yellowthroats: A New World warblers in the genus Geothlypis
Yeomanette: Old term for a woman serving in the American naval reserve during World War II
Yezdegerdian: Pertaining to Yezdegerd, the last Sassanian monarch of Persia, overthrown by the Muslims
Yogibogeybox: Things used by a spiritualist
Yttriferous: One that contains yttrium

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Z

Zemmiphobia: Being afraid of the great mole rat
Zalambdodont: Having molar teeth with V-shaped ridges
Zarathustrianism: Zoroastrianism
Zeusophobia: Being scared of divine beings
Zigzaggery: Contortion
Zoanthodeme: Collective zooids of compound anthozoa
Zooarchaeology: Studying the remnants of animals on archaeological sites
Zoosporangium: A spore
Zeugmatography: A term previously proposed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Zeugobranchiata: A division of marine mollusks with gills on both sides of the body and paired renal organs


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