INTRODUCTION TO LEARNING ENGLISH:
The importance of learning English:
The importance of English cannot be described in words because its An international language. We need to learn English for our higher education. It’s the store house of all knowledge of all books. All the books on higher education of every branch of knowledge are written in English. If we want to earn vast knowledge and higher education in any branch, we are to take the help from those books. All that is the best in European and American thought is available through English. If this source is dried up, we shall go backwards. Again modern science which Is advancing by leaps and bounds is a gift of the science. Today more than 80% of all the information in the worlds computers is in English. So if we don’t know English, we will fail to keep pace with the progressive force of the world. English is a must in order to get a good job. Today organizations need employers who speak earn more money. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organizations need employers who speak and write a standard form of English. So it helps a man to get a good job and to earn more money. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organizations. So to maintain daily official correspondence English is essential. Again ours is an age of globalization. Many foreign guests and delegates come to our country. They don’t know our mother tongue. So we need to learn English to communicate with them. Statistics show about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. From this we can say that we need to learn English to join the advanced and developed world. Then we can say that English is a passport to successful future.
IF YOU ARE A FOREIGNER THAN IT IS NECESSARY TO LEARN AL GRAMMAR TO SPEAK WELL IN ENGLISH
NOW I WILL BE TALKING ABOUT GRAMMAR IN ENGLISH.
LETTER: Written form of sound is letter.
Word: A group of letters which make a sense or express a meaning that is known as word.
Sentence:
A sentence is a linguistic unit consisting of one or more words that are grammatically linked. A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, question, exclamation, request, command or suggestion.A sentence is a set of words that in principle tells a complete
thought, although it may make little sense taken in isolation out of
context. Typically a sentence contains a subject and predicate.
A sentence can also be defined purely in orthographic terms, as a group
of words starting with a capital letter and ending in a full stop.
TYPES OF SENTENCE:
There are 4 types
of sentences.
|
Each kind of sentence ends with its own special punctuation mark.
Let's look
at each of these sentences.
|
 |
| Type of Sentence | Use | Punctuation Mark |
| Declarative | Makes a statement |
Period ( . ) |
| Interrogative | Asks a question |
Question
Mark ( ? ) |
| Imperative |
Gives a command or makes a request |
Period ( . ) |
| Exclamatory |
Expresses
strong feeling |
Exclamation Mark
( ! ) |
Here are
some examples.
 |
| Declarative | Sharon and Paul found
a lost puppy . We get lots of snow in the winter . |
 |
|
Interrogative |
May I borrow your pencil sharpener ? What time do you get up in the morning ? |
 |
| Imperative | Pick up the book . Clean your room . |  |
|
Exclamatory |
It's a beautiful day! I won a million dollars! |  |
Quiz on Sentence Types
After each sentence, select the option that best describes that sentence. First, if you need to review the definitions for these sentence types, if you need to review the definitions of clauses,
1. Pauline and Bruno have a big argument every summer over where they should spend their summer vacation.A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
2. Pauline loves to go to the beach and spend her days sunbathing.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
3. Bruno, on the other hand, likes the view that he gets from the log cabin up in the mountains, and he enjoys hiking in the forest.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
4. Pauline says there is nothing relaxing about chopping wood, swatting mosquitoes, and cooking over a woodstove.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
5. Bruno dislikes sitting on the beach; he always gets a nasty sunburn.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
6. Bruno tends to get bored sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective novels for a week.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
7. This year, after a lengthy, noisy debate, they decided to take separate vacations.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
8. Bruno went to the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and Pauline went to Cape Cod.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
9. Although they are 250 miles apart, they keep in constant contact on the internet.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
10. Bruno took the desktop computer that he uses at work, and Pauline sits on the beach with her laptop computer, which she connects to the internet with a cellular phone.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
PARTS OF SPEECH:
There are many parts in a sentence which are known as parts of speech.
These are given below:
| part of speech | function or "job" | example words | example sentences |
| Verb | action or state | (to) be, have, do, like, work, sing, can, must | EnglishClub is a web site. I like EnglishClub. |
| Noun | thing or person | pen, dog, work, music, town, London, teacher, John | This is my dog. He lives in my house. We live in London. |
| Adjective | describes a noun | a/an, the, 2, some, good, big, red, well, interesting | I have two dogs. My dogs are big. I like big dogs. |
| Adverb | describes a verb, adjective or adverb | quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really | My dog eats quickly. When he is very hungry, he eats really quickly. |
| Pronoun | replaces a noun | I, you, he, she, some | Tara is Indian. She is beautiful. |
| Preposition | links a noun to another word | to, at, after, on, but | We went to school on Monday. |
| Conjunction | joins clauses or sentences or words | and, but, when | I like dogs and I like cats. I like cats and dogs. I like dogs but I don't like cats. |
| Interjection | short exclamation, sometimes inserted into a sentence | oh!, ouch!, hi!, well | Ouch! That hurts! Hi! How are you? Well, I don't know. |
- Verbs may be treated as two different parts of speech:
- Lexical Verbs (work, like, run)
- Auxiliary Verbs (be, have, must)
- Determiners may be treated as a separate part of speech, instead of being categorized under Adjectives
- A NOUN's the name of anything,
As: school or garden, toy, or swing.
ADJECTIVES tell the kind of noun,
As: great, small, pretty, white, or brown.
VERBS tell of something being done:
To read, write, count, sing, jump, or run.
How things are done the ADVERBS tell,
As: slowly, quickly, badly, well.
CONJUNCTIONS join the words together,
As: men and women, wind or weather.
The PREPOSITION stands before
A noun as: in or through a door.
The INTERJECTION shows surprise
As: Oh, how pretty! Ah! how wise!
The whole are called the PARTS of SPEECH,
Which reading, writing, speaking teach.
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